Phonology: Minimal Pairs 1.2
In this exercise, you will have more practice with ‘minimal pairs’, those that share all identical sounds except one.
Minimal pairs are used to show which sounds in a language are distinctive. If exchanging one phoneme for another changes the meaning of a word then we know that that sound is distinct, and not an allophone of another. The speaker is aware which sounds exist in his/her language.
For more information on minimal pairs and distinct phonemes, click here to access the tutorial “The Basics of Phonology.”
Start
You scored %%SCORE%% out of %%TOTAL%%.
Your answers are highlighted below.
Question 1 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | freight/frayed |
B | speed/spit Hint: speed/spit freight/frayed are minimal pairs showing distinction between /t, d/.
/fɹet/ /fɹed/
speed/spit differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /i, ɪ/ and the final sounds /d, t/.
/spid/ /spɪt/
|
C | place/please Hint: freight/frayed are minimal pairs showing distinction between /t, d/.
/fɹet/ /fɹed/
place/please differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /e, i/ and the final sounds /s, z/.
/ples/ /pliz/
|
Question 2 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | journey/gurney |
B | curtain/curtail Hint: curtain/ journey/gurney are minimal pairs showing distinction between /dʒ or ǰ, g/.
/dʒɚni/ or /ǰɚni/ /gɚni/
curtain/curtail differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /ə, e/ and the final sounds /n, l/.
/kɚtən/ /kɚtel/
|
C | rose/rice Hint: journey/gurney are minimal pairs showing distinction between /dʒ or ǰ, g/.
/dʒɚni/ or /ǰɚni/ /gɚni/
rose/rice differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /o, aj/ and the final sounds /z, s/.
/ɹoz/ /ɹajs/
|
Question 3 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | leaf/leave |
B | peal/peel Hint: leaf/leave are minimal pairs showing distinction between /f,v/.
/lif/ /liv/
peal/peal are not minimal pairs. They differ in no sounds.
/pil/ /pil/
|
C | plate/plead Hint: leaf/leave are minimal pairs showing distinction between /f, v/.
/lif/ /liv/
plate/plead differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /e, i/ and the final sounds /t, d/.
/plet/ /plid/
|
Question 4 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | seen/been
Hint: tart/dart are minimal pairs showing distinction between /t, d/.
/taɹt/ and /daɹt/
seen/been differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /s, b/ and the vowel sounds /i, ɪ/
/sin/ /bɪn/ |
B | bring/brought Hint: tart/dart are minimal pairs showing distinction between /t, d/.
/taɹt/ and /daɹt/
bring/brought differ in two sounds: the final sounds /ŋ, t / and the vowel sounds /ɪ, ɔ/.
/bɹɪŋ/ /bɹɔt/ |
C | tart/dart |
Question 5 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | cars/cats Hint: few/view are minimal pairs showing distinction between /f, v/.
/fju/or /fyu/ and /vju/ or /vyu
cars/cats differ in three sounds: the vowel sounds /a, æ/, the sounds /ɹ, t/ and the final sounds /z,s/.
/kaɹz/ /kæts/
|
B | few/view |
C | flour/pour Hint: few/view are minimal pairs showing distinction between /f, v/.
/fju/or /fyu/ and /vju/ or /vyu
flour/pour differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /f, p/ and the vowel sounds /aw or aʊ/ and /ɔ/
/flawɚ/ or /flaʊɚ/ /pɔɹ / |
Question 6 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | char/care Hint: fleece/fleas are minimal pairs showing distinction between /s, z/.
/flis/ /fliz/
char/care differ in two sounds
initial sounds /tʃ or č/ and /k/ and the vowel sounds /a,e/.
/ tʃaɹ/ or /čaɹ/ and /keɹ/ |
B | fleece/fleas |
C | bathe/bath Hint: fleece/fleas are minimal pairs showing distinction between /s, z/.
/flis/ /fliz/
bathe/bath differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /e, æ/ and the final sounds /ð, θ/.
/beð/ /bæθ/
|
Question 7 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | fear/pear Hint: root/wrote are minimal pairs showing distinction between /u, o/.
/ɹut/ /ɹot/
pear/fear differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /f, p/ and the vowel sounds /i, e/.
/fiɹ/ /peɹ/
|
B | write/wring Hint: root/wrote are minimal pairs showing distinction between /u, o/. /ɹut/ /ɹot/. write/wring differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /aj, ɪ/ and the final sounds /t, ŋ/.
/ɹajt/ /ɹayt/ and /ɹɪŋ/
|
C | root/wrote |
Question 8 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | planned/plant |
B | sand/sent Hint: planned/plant are minimal pairs showing distinction between /d, t/.
/plænd/ /plænt/
sand/sent differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /æ, ɛ/ and the final sounds /d, t/.
/sænd/ /sɛnt/
|
C | though/thigh Hint: planned/plant are minimal pairs showing distinction between /d, t/.
/plænd/ /plænt/
though/thigh differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /ð, θ/ and the vowel sounds /o, aj or ay/
/ðo/ /θaj/ or /θay/
|
Question 9 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | puddle/meddle Hint: fight/feat are minimal pairs showing distinction between /aj or ay/ and /i/.
/fajt/ or /fayt/ /fit/
puddle/meddle differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /p, m/ and the vowel sounds /ʌ, ɛ/.
/pʌdl̩/ /mɛdl̩/
|
B | fight/feat |
C | lather/bather Hint: fight/feat are minimal pairs showing distinction between /aj or ay/ and /i/.
/fajt/ or /fayt/ /fit/
lather/bather differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /l, b/ and the vowel sounds /æ, e/.
/læðɚ/ /beðɚ/
|
Question 10 |
Which are minimal pairs?
A | squid/squeak Hint: peach/patch are minimal pairs showing distinction between /i, æ/.
/pitʃ/ or /piĉ/ and /pætʃ/ or /pæĉ/
squid/squeak differ in two sounds: the vowel sounds /ɪ, i/ and the final sounds /d, k/.
/skwɪd/ /skwik/
|
B | fence/wince Hint: peach/patch are minimal pairs showing distinction between /i, æ/.
/pitʃ/ or /piĉ/ and /pætʃ/ or /pæĉ/
fence/wince differ in two sounds: the initial sounds /f, w/ and the vowel sounds /ɛ, ɪ/.
/fɛns/ /wɪns/
|
C | peach/patch |
Once you are finished, click the button below. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect.
Get Results
There are 10 questions to complete.
You have completed
questions
question
Your score is
Correct
Wrong
Partial-Credit
You have not finished your quiz. If you leave this page, your progress will be lost.
Correct Answer
You Selected
Not Attempted
Final Score on Quiz
Attempted Questions Correct
Attempted Questions Wrong
Questions Not Attempted
Total Questions on Quiz
Question Details
Results
Date
Score
Hint
Time allowed
minutes
seconds
Time used
Answer Choice(s) Selected
Question Text
All done
Need more practice!
Keep trying!
Not bad!
Good work!
Perfect!