Speech Sounds and Symbols Talking was around for quite some time before any type of writing systems were developed. There are many languages still today today that have no written form. In fact, all human beings learn language perfectly well before ever holding a pencil or decoding a scribed word. So even though symbolizing language visually is not essential to communication, written language is … [Read more...]
An Introduction to Phonetics
Many professors of Intro to Linguistics courses choose to begin the semester by launching into phonetics, much to the student’s dismay. The material is foreign, difficult to grasp (it doesn’t seem to relate to anything else in space and time), and is rarely representative of the rest of the semester. However, there is a good reason for starting off on such seemingly shaky ground. Phonetics is the … [Read more...]
Differences between the IPA and North American vowels
Differences between the IPA and North American vowels The IPA chart uses the terms open and close instead of low and high. The IPA chart has four height levels instead of three. The mid level in the tic-tac-chart is split into two levels in the IPA chart: tense mid is called close-mid lax mid is called open-mid [ɪ] and [ʊ] are demoted to second-class citizens (non-cardinal … [Read more...]
Consonants of English
Phonology: Writing Phonological Rules 1.1
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Phonology: Introduction to Minimal Distinctions 2.1
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Phonology: Distinctive Features Level 2
Phonology: Syllabic Structure 1.1
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Phonology: Sonority Hierarchy 1.1
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Phonology: Introduction to Phonological Analysis 1.1
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